Chapter 8 - Enums

Exercise 1

#[derive(Debug)]
enum Message {
    // TODO: define a few types of messages as used below
}

fn main() {
    println!("{:?}", Message::Quit);
    println!("{:?}", Message::Echo);
    println!("{:?}", Message::Move);
    println!("{:?}", Message::ChangeColor);
}

This exercise is pretty simple, we just need to follow the enums syntax and define the enums.

enum Message {
    Quit,
    Echo,
    Move,
    ChangeColor,
}

fn main() {
    println!("{:?}", Message::Quit);
    println!("{:?}", Message::Echo);
    println!("{:?}", Message::Move);
    println!("{:?}", Message::ChangeColor);
}

Exercise 2

#[derive(Debug)]
enum Message {
    // TODO: define a few types of messages as used below
}

impl Message {
    fn call(&self) {
        println!("{:?}", self);
    }
}

fn main() {
    let messages = [
        Message::Move { x: 10, y: 30 },
        Message::Echo(String::from("hello world")),
        Message::ChangeColor(200, 255, 255),
        Message::Quit,
    ];

    for message in &messages {
        message.call();
    }
}

Same as the exercise above, but now the enums have types.

#[derive(Debug)]
enum Message {
    Move { x: u32, y: u32 },
    Echo(String),
    ChangeColor(u8, u8, u8),
    Quit,
}

impl Message {
    fn call(&self) {
        println!("{:?}", self);
    }
}

fn main() {
    let messages = [
        Message::Move { x: 10, y: 30 },
        Message::Echo(String::from("hello world")),
        Message::ChangeColor(200, 255, 255),
        Message::Quit,
    ];

    for message in &messages {
        message.call();
    }
}

Exercise 3

// Address all the TODOs to make the tests pass!
enum Message {
    // TODO: implement the message variant types based on their usage below
}

struct Point {
    x: u8,
    y: u8,
}

struct State {
    color: (u8, u8, u8),
    position: Point,
    quit: bool,
    message: String,
}

impl State {
    fn change_color(&mut self, color: (u8, u8, u8)) {
        self.color = color;
    }

    fn quit(&mut self) {
        self.quit = true;
    }

    fn echo(&mut self, s: String) {
        self.message = s
    }

    fn move_position(&mut self, p: Point) {
        self.position = p;
    }

    fn process(&mut self, message: Message) {
        // TODO: create a match expression to process the different message
        // variants
        // Remember: When passing a tuple as a function argument, you'll need
        // extra parentheses: fn function((t, u, p, l, e))
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;

    #[test]
    fn test_match_message_call() {
        let mut state = State {
            quit: false,
            position: Point { x: 0, y: 0 },
            color: (0, 0, 0),
            message: "hello world".to_string(),
        };
        state.process(Message::ChangeColor(255, 0, 255));
        state.process(Message::Echo(String::from("Hello world!")));
        state.process(Message::Move(Point { x: 10, y: 15 }));
        state.process(Message::Quit);

        assert_eq!(state.color, (255, 0, 255));
        assert_eq!(state.position.x, 10);
        assert_eq!(state.position.y, 15);
        assert_eq!(state.quit, true);
        assert_eq!(state.message, "Hello world!");
    }
}

This exercise is a little complicated. We need to fill the Message enum first to make the test run, after that change the process function to satisfy the tests.
For the Message enum, same as exercise 2 we can do like this:

enum Message {
    ChangeColor(u8, u8, u8),
    Echo(String),
    Move(Point),
    Quit,
}

For the process method, we need to match each enum to the right methods of State. We can use the pattern matching of enum:

enum Message {
    ChangeColor(u8, u8, u8),
    Echo(String),
    Move(Point),
    Quit,
}

struct Point {
    x: u8,
    y: u8,
}

struct State {
    color: (u8, u8, u8),
    position: Point,
    quit: bool,
    message: String,
}

impl State {
    fn change_color(&mut self, color: (u8, u8, u8)) {
        self.color = color;
    }

    fn quit(&mut self) {
        self.quit = true;
    }

    fn echo(&mut self, s: String) {
        self.message = s
    }

    fn move_position(&mut self, p: Point) {
        self.position = p;
    }

    fn process(&mut self, message: Message) {
        match message {
            Message::ChangeColor(red, blue, green) => self.change_color((red, blue, green)),
            Message::Echo(message) => self.echo(message),
            Message::Move(position) => self.move_position(position),
            Message::Quit => self.quit()
        }
            
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;

    #[test]
    fn test_match_message_call() {
        let mut state = State {
            quit: false,
            position: Point { x: 0, y: 0 },
            color: (0, 0, 0),
            message: "hello world".to_string(),
        };
        state.process(Message::ChangeColor(255, 0, 255));
        state.process(Message::Echo(String::from("Hello world!")));
        state.process(Message::Move(Point { x: 10, y: 15 }));
        state.process(Message::Quit);

        assert_eq!(state.color, (255, 0, 255));
        assert_eq!(state.position.x, 10);
        assert_eq!(state.position.y, 15);
        assert_eq!(state.quit, true);
        assert_eq!(state.message, "Hello world!");
    }
}

Conclusion

The 8th chapter of Rustlings - Enums ends here.
TIL:

Working with enum and struct
Book link: https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch06-00-enums.html

Thanks for reading and please add comments below if you have any questions